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c:\paul_slocum\qotile.net

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PROJECTS

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ATARI 2600 HACKING

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The Synthcart is an Atari 2600 cartridge that turns your 2600 into a pop music sensation, letting you play music using a pair of Atari's keyboard controllers and can also be controller with the 2600 MIDI kit.

The Synthcart can be purchased on cartridge for $25 from The Atariage Store.

Download for emulation: Synthcart ROM and instructions .

Source Code: Synthcart NTSC source code .

Here's a keyboard overlay that you can print out. This is designed for the Video Touch Pads but can probably be modified for the other types of keyboard controllers.

For support and other 8-bit music stuff, join the Synthcart Yahoo group.

Note that the Synthcart does not work on European SECAM Ataris since the B&W/Color switch doesn't work the same way on those models. Half of the sounds will be inaccessible on these models.

See FAQ below for more info...




- Play using an assortment of familiar Atari sounds

- Use two different sound types at a time, one assigned to each controller

- Intelligent voice management constantly re-assigns the two oscillators for maximum perceived polyphony

- MIDI capability using the Highly Liquid MIDI kit

- 8th, 16th, and 32nd note arpeggiator

- Can arpeggiate both oscillators simultaneously

- Beat Box with many pre-programmed beats and fills

- Play two beats simultaneously to create custom beats

- Two tremelo settings

- Four attack/release settings

- User interface designed so that you can program and play the synth without a TV. Modify your Atari with an audio out, and you just need your Atari and an amp.

- Easter egg: secret light show mode that displays color patterns based on sound output. To activate, put the scale on "major" and put the left keypad on "pitfall" or "saw" and play the notes: 4 7 8 9 8 9.






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Here's a video clip of the light show mode. The audio and video are captured directly from the Atari.

light_show_mode.mpg (2.4MB mpeg)







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Here are 3 new sound demos recorded straight from the Atari 2600:

synthcart_bass.mp3 (870k)

synthcart_square_arp.mp3 (1.5M)

synthcart_pitfall_noise.mp3 (1.6M)

Older demos recorded directly from the Atari:

atari_jam2.mp3 (500k)

atari_jam3.mp3 (670k)

new_demo1.mp3 (1MB)

Here’s the beat box running through reverb and a filter:

atari_jam4.mp3 (670k)

This is me playing two Ataris at the same time. One is run through a lot of reverb.

twoataris.mp3 (1400k)

This is also me playing two Ataris live. After the fact I added a bass drum and high hat to fill out the sound.

twoataris2.mp3 (1600k)

This is an unfinished song where almost all the tracks were done with the Synthcart:

atari_demo_song.mp3 (2.8MB)





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If you’re a musician and plan to really use the Synthcart as an instrument, you should be aware of some minor limitations:

- The pitch on the Atari is very limited. I’ve set up a sound table of 12 notes from a major scale for each sound type. While these notes are reasonably in tune with each other, some sound types do not use a standard tuning. For example, the bass sound is in C# major at -35 cents. You will have to tune your other sound modules accordingly or use a pitch shifter to compensate. I have not found this to be much of a problem, but I thought you should be aware.

- The tempo is only adjustable in large increments. The Atari demands a lot of the processor’s time to draw the screen. To have a fine tempo adjustment would require me to update the tempo counter, arpeggiator, beat box, and voice manager many times while drawing the screen, which is just not feasible.

Tempo values in BPM on the NTSC version are: 224.71 179.77 149.81 128.41 112.36 99.87 89.88 81.72 74.90 69.14. The values are calculated from the Atari's clock frequency, so they are very accurate.








News item on slashdot on 8.23.02.

"By the way, this thing freakin' rules."
-Alex Neuse

"Got to try the Synthcart over the weekend at the SC3 meet and IT ROCKS!!! All were impressed, especially myself."
-Spudboy

"Wow, Synthcart is just incredible."
-Bohus Blahut

"man, i wanted to tell you that my girlfriend is having trouble pulling me away from the damn atari...hte synth cart is the coolest thing ever."
-J. America







Q: Where can I buy one?
A: They're $25, available at Atariage.

Q: Do you have the manual online?
A: A textfile of the instructions is included with the ROM image, but you can download the color manual here in Word format. .

Q: What all do I need to use it?
A: An Atari 2600 w/ power supply, TWO keyboard controllers, and a TV (or a VCR that includes a TV tuner and audio out).

Q: Which Ataris will it work with?
A: It will work with all Atari 2600's including the Junior model (black and silver). It also works on the Atari 7800. However, the 7800 doesn't have a B&W/Color switch. So the 7800 will not be able to access all the sounds unless the B&W switch mod is done (install a switch/toggle in place of the 7800's momentary Pause button).

There are PAL and NTSC versions, but not a SECAM version.

Q: Is there a sequencer or drum beat editor on the Synthcart?
A: No. There are 33 beats and they are hard coded in the cartridge. There's not really enough memory to have any proper sequencing. The Atari only has 128 BYTES of RAM which I'm using all of. Plus there would be no way to save your work when the Atari is turned off.

However, since I've released the source code (see above), if you're really clever you can modify the beats and re-assemble the ROM into a version with your own beats. Then you can run that on an emulator, krokodile cart, or cuttle cart 1 or 2, or get Atariage to make a custom Synthcart.

Q: What generates the sound?
A: The sound is generated by the Atari 2600's built in sound chip (the TIA). The cartridge doesn't have any special sound generating hardware -- the Synthcart is just software for the Atari 2600.

Q: How do I get a direct audio out?
A: You can do the modifications yourself: you just solder two wires to the Atari board and then connect them to a RCA or a 1/4" connector.

Check out Ben's how-to page to figure out where to solder the wires. On Ben's page go to "How do get composite video from [whichever Atari you're using]?" and it'll show you where to solder the audio wire (just do the audio mod, ignore the video portion). Solder the other wire to any ground point.

There's also this mod to get audio-out with a stereo option (one output per oscillator).

And there's also the new A/V mod kits from 8bitdomain which are quite a bit cheaper than the Cybertech mods that I use (which are no longer in production). I haven't tried these A/V kits yet, but I've heard good things about them.

Other easier options are to get a VCR and use its tuner and A/V outputs or get a video demodulator.

Q: Do I have to have a modified Atari to use it?
A: No, you can just use your TV. Or you can hook it up to a VCR with A/V out to get the audio.

Q: Which controllers work with it and where do I get them?
A: Keyboard Controllers, Video Touch Pads (Star Raiders controller), and the Atari Kid's Controllers will work. I usually use the Video Touch Pads which you can get on Ebay or at 4Jays. The Kids Controller is also good and looks great, but is usually a bit more expensive (about $20-$30 for a pair.)

Q: Can I build my own keyboard controllers?
A: Yes! And it's not too difficult. Check out Tim's instructions on how to build them, and there is a schematic of the controller on Atariage.

Q: Is there a way to sync the Synthcart to my gear?
A: Not automatically, but if you set your gear to the same tempo as the Synthcart and start them at the same time, they will stay in sync since the 2600 clock is very accurate.

Q: MIDI?
A: Yes! Check this out...

Q: I have another question that wasn't answered here?
A: Join the Synthcart yahoo group and ask there. I read all the messages there along with 120+ others, so somebody will probably be able to answer it.



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